Index: src/wp-includes/default-filters.php
===================================================================
--- src/wp-includes/default-filters.php	(revision 37685)
+++ src/wp-includes/default-filters.php	(working copy)
@@ -404,6 +404,7 @@
 
 // Script Loader
 add_action( 'wp_default_scripts', 'wp_default_scripts' );
+add_action( 'wp_default_scripts', 'wp_localize_jquery_datepicker' );
 add_filter( 'wp_print_scripts', 'wp_just_in_time_script_localization' );
 add_filter( 'print_scripts_array', 'wp_prototype_before_jquery' );
 
Index: src/wp-includes/script-loader.php
===================================================================
--- src/wp-includes/script-loader.php	(revision 37685)
+++ src/wp-includes/script-loader.php	(working copy)
@@ -839,12 +839,53 @@
  * @since 2.5.0
  */
 function wp_just_in_time_script_localization() {
-
 	wp_localize_script( 'autosave', 'autosaveL10n', array(
 		'autosaveInterval' => AUTOSAVE_INTERVAL,
 		'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(),
 	) );
+}
 
+/**
+ * Localizes the jQuery datepicker.
+ *
+ * @see http://api.jqueryui.com/datepicker/#options
+ *
+ * @since 4.6.0
+ *
+ * @param WP_Scripts $scripts WP_Scripts object.
+ */
+function wp_localize_jquery_datepicker( $scripts ) {
+	global $wp_locale;
+
+	$datepicker_date_format = str_replace(
+		array(
+			'd', 'j', 'l', 'z', // day
+			'F', 'M', 'n', 'm', // month
+			'Y', 'y'            // year
+		),
+		array(
+			'dd', 'd', 'DD', 'o',
+			'MM', 'M', 'm', 'mm',
+			'yy', 'y'
+		),
+		get_option( 'date_format' )
+	);
+	$datepicker_defaults = wp_json_encode( array(
+		'closeText'       => __( 'Close' ),
+		'currentText'     => __( 'Today' ),
+		'monthNames'      => array_values( $wp_locale->month ),
+		'monthNamesShort' => array_values( $wp_locale->month_abbrev ),
+		'monthStatus'     => __( 'Show a different month' ),
+		'nextText'        => __( 'Next' ),
+		'prevText'        => __( 'Previous' ),
+		'dayNames'        => array_values( $wp_locale->weekday ),
+		'dayNamesShort'   => array_values( $wp_locale->weekday_abbrev ),
+		'dayNamesMin'     => array_values( $wp_locale->weekday_initial ),
+		'dateFormat'      => $datepicker_date_format,
+		'firstDay'        => absint( get_option( 'start_of_week' ) ),
+		'isRTL'           => $wp_locale->is_rtl(),
+	) );
+	$scripts->add_inline_script( 'jquery-ui-datepicker', "jQuery(document).ready(function(jQuery){jQuery.datepicker.setDefaults({$datepicker_defaults});});" );
 }
 
 /**