Index: src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/blocks.css
===================================================================
--- src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/blocks.css	(revision 43908)
+++ src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/blocks.css	(working copy)
@@ -25,8 +25,13 @@
 	font-style: italic;
 	line-height: 1.6153846154;
 	padding-top: 0.5384615385em;
+	text-align: left;
 }
 
+.rtl [class^="wp-block-"] figcaption {
+	text-align: right;
+}
+
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------
 2.0 Blocks - Common Blocks
 --------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -37,6 +42,24 @@
 	font-size: 5em;
 }
 
+/* Image */
+
+@media screen and (min-width: 61.5625em) {
+	body:not(.search-results) article:not(.type-page) .wp-block-image figcaption.below-entry-meta {
+		clear: both;
+		display: block;
+		float: none;
+		margin-right: 0;
+		margin-left: -40%;
+		max-width: 140%;
+	}
+
+	body.rtl:not(.search-results) article:not(.type-page) .wp-block-image figcaption.below-entry-meta {
+		margin-left: 0;
+		margin-right: -40%;
+	}
+}
+
 /* Gallery */
 
 .wp-block-gallery {
Index: src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/editor-blocks.css
===================================================================
--- src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/editor-blocks.css	(revision 43908)
+++ src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/css/editor-blocks.css	(working copy)
@@ -262,8 +262,13 @@
 	font-style: italic;
 	line-height: 1.6153846154;
 	padding-top: 0.5384615385em;
+	text-align: left;
 }
 
+.rtl [class^="wp-block-"] figcaption {
+	text-align: right;
+}
+
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------
 3.0 Blocks - Common Blocks
 --------------------------------------------------------------*/
Index: src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/js/functions.js
===================================================================
--- src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/js/functions.js	(revision 43908)
+++ src/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/js/functions.js	(working copy)
@@ -148,6 +148,7 @@
 				entryFooterPos       = entryFooter.offset(),
 				entryFooterPosBottom = entryFooterPos.top + ( entryFooter.height() + 28 ),
 				caption              = element.closest( 'figure' ),
+				figcaption           = element.next( 'figcaption' ),
 				newImg;
 
 			// Add 'below-entry-meta' to elements below the entry meta.
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@
 			if ( elementPosTop > entryFooterPosBottom ) {
 
 				// Check if full-size images and captions are larger than or equal to 840px.
-				if ( 'img.size-full' === param ) {
+				if ( 'img.size-full' === param || '.wp-block-image img' === param ) {
 
 					// Create an image to find native image width of resized images (i.e. max-width: 100%).
 					newImg = new Image();
@@ -161,7 +162,13 @@
 					newImg.src = element.attr( 'src' );
 
 					$( newImg ).on( 'load.twentysixteen', function() {
-						if ( newImg.width >= 840  ) {
+						if ( newImg.width >= 840 ) {
+
+							// Check if an image in an image block has a width attribute; if its value is less than 840, return.
+							if ( '.wp-block-image img' === param && element.is( '[width]' ) && element.attr( 'width' ) < 840 ) {
+								return;
+							}
+
 							element.addClass( 'below-entry-meta' );
 
 							if ( caption.hasClass( 'wp-caption' ) ) {
@@ -168,6 +175,10 @@
 								caption.addClass( 'below-entry-meta' );
 								caption.removeAttr( 'style' );
 							}
+
+							if ( figcaption ) {
+								figcaption.addClass( 'below-entry-meta' );
+							}
 						}
 					} );
 				} else {
@@ -190,6 +201,7 @@
 				resizeTimer = setTimeout( function() {
 					belowEntryMetaClass( 'img.size-full' );
 					belowEntryMetaClass( 'blockquote.alignleft, blockquote.alignright' );
+					belowEntryMetaClass( '.wp-block-image img' );
 				}, 300 );
 				onResizeARIA();
 			} );
@@ -196,5 +208,6 @@
 
 		belowEntryMetaClass( 'img.size-full' );
 		belowEntryMetaClass( 'blockquote.alignleft, blockquote.alignright' );
+		belowEntryMetaClass( '.wp-block-image img' );
 	} );
 } )( jQuery );